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LLMs and Generative Agent-Based Models for Complex Systems

Research Questions

  1. How do LLMs play a transformative role in fields such as network science, evolutionary game theory, social dynamics, and epidemic modeling?
  2. How can the Generative Agent-Based Models (GABMs) framework be used to study complex systems?
  3. To what extent can LLM agents imitate human-like social behavior?

Results

  • LLMs can generate human-like behaviors such as fairness, cooperation, and adherence to social norms.
  • Responses can show inconsistency due to prompt sensitivity and underlying model biases.
  • In certain games, LLM agents behaved more cooperatively or more fairly than humans (e.g., Dictator Game, Prisoner’s Dilemma).
  • Multi-agent systems exhibited emergent social dynamics, including homophily and increased likelihood of repeated interactions.
  • Multi-agent LLM architectures aligned with human behavior much more closely than single-agent setups (88% vs. 50%).

Findings

  • Human-Like Behavior:

    • LLM agents displayed behavior consistent with economic principles such as demand curves and diminishing marginal utility.

  • Inconsistency and Bias:

    • Decisions were influenced even by semantically irrelevant cues such as name or gender.

  • Rationality Differences:

  • Compared to humans:

    • LLMs behaved more fairly in the Dictator Game.
    • LLMs were more cooperative in the Prisoner’s Dilemma (65% vs. human 37%).

  • Context Effects:

    • In epidemic simulations, providing health-related information increased stay-at-home behavior; supplying community-level statistics further reduced social interactions.

  • Multi-Agent Advantage:

    • In the Ultimatum Game, multi-agent LLM systems captured 88% of human behavioral patterns, outperforming single-agent models.

  • LLM Models: 5

  • Synthetic Data: 4

  • Method: 5

  • Speed: 2

  • Ethics: 2

  • Accuracy: 4

  • Demographics: 2

If you would like to access more detailed information about this article, click here to view the supplementary material.

5 min read

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